If balloon B has the greatest momentum change, then it must also have the greatest impulse. Which balloon (A or B) has the greatest final velocity? d. The impulse is greatest in case B. A force acting for a given amount of time will change an object's momentum. To truly understand the equation, it is important to understand its meaning in words. Which cart (#1 or #2) has the greatest change in momentum? The effect of a net force acting on an object is related both to the force and to the total time the force acts on the object.
The concepts in the above paragraph should not seem like abstract information to you. If the halfback experienced a force of 800 N for 0.9 seconds, then we could say that the impulse was 720 N•s. Thus, the momentum change is the same for each car.
The velocity change is greatest in case B. The strategy involves first finding the impulse (F*t = 1.0 N*s). This is a change of 8 m/s (-) and is greater than in case B (-4 m/s). Click the button to check your answer. The velocity change of each car is the same. She strikes the air bag, that brings her body to a stop in 0.500 s. What average force does the seat belt exert on her? 7. The velocity change is greatest in case A. This is true because the impulse=force • time. The physical quantity impulse is a measure of both these effects. Any object with momentum is going to be hard to stop. The momentum change = mass*velocity change. In football, the defensive players apply a force for a given amount of time to stop the momentum of the offensive player who has the ball. The momentum change is the same for each car. The rate at which the velocity changes is greatest for Balloon B; this is shown by the fact that the speed (distance/time) changes most rapidly. An object with momentum can be stopped if a force is applied against it for a given amount of time. Note that a 250-fold decrease in the time corresponds to a 250-fold increase in the force. Explain. Explain. The impulse is the same for each car. 3
Momentum change depends on velocity change and the velocity change is greatest in case A (as stated above). And if the velocity of the object is changed, then the momentum of the object is changed.
Recall that acceleration depends on force and mass. 0.010 s, See Answer Observe that each of the collisions above involve the rebound of a ball off a wall. Explain. Observe that the greater the rebound effect, the greater the acceleration, momentum change, and impulse. The acceleration is greatest in case B.
Which balloon (A or B) has the greatest acceleration? See Answer This impulse would cause a momentum change of 720 kg•m/s. Knowing two of these three quantities allows us to compute the third quantity. A hockey player applies an average force of 80.0 N to a 0.25 kg hockey puck for a time of 0.10 seconds. If a force acts in the same direction as the object's motion, then the force speeds the object up.
The collision occurs at approximately the ninth dot (plus or minus a dot). First, observe that the answers in the table above reveal that the third and fourth columns are always equal; that is, the impulse is always equal to the momentum change. For a constant net force, the impulse is given by. The motion diagrams (depicting the relative position of the balloons at time intervals of 0.05 seconds) for these two balloons are shown below. In case B, the object rebounds in the opposite direction with a greater speed than in case A. Which car (A or B) experiences the greatest change in momentum? An examination of rows 1 and 3 show that mass and force are directly proportional; for the same time and velocity change, a fivefold increase in the mass corresponds to a fivefold increase in the force required to stop that mass. Put another way, an unbalanced force always accelerates an object - either speeding it up or slowing it down. -200 N•s, See Answer
c. The momentum change is greatest in case B. -20 000 N, See Answer The impulse on the ball caused by the bat will be in the negative x direction. 3. And since the quantity m•v is the momentum, the quantity m•Δv must be the change in momentum. a. In words, it could be said that the force times the time equals the mass times the change in velocity. If Jennifer had not been wearing her seat belt and not had an air bag, then the windshield would have stopped her head in 0.002 s. What average force would the windshield have exerted on her? The impulse is greatest for Car A. Note that not all the numbers are necessary for computing the impulse; don't "force" the value of mass into the computation. Impulse is force*time and can be calculated to be 1.0 N*s for each cart. If the momentum change is the same for each car, then so must be the impulse. The diagrams below depict the changes in velocity of the same ball.
At the end of the diagram, the distance traveled in the last interval is greatest for Balloon B. Explain.
The batter then hits the ball so it goes directly back to the pitcher along the same straight line. In a physics demonstration, two identical balloons (A and B) are propelled across the room on horizontal guide wires. The force is related to the impulse (I=F*t). In each case the initial velocity is the same. Depending on the physical properties of the ball and wall, the speed at which the ball rebounds from the wall upon colliding with it will vary. The impulse is the same for each car. Impulse equals momentum change and the momentum change is greatest in case B (as stated above). And since the quantity m•v is the momentum, the quantity m•Δv must be the change in momentum.
(They start with the same velocity and each finish with zero velocity.) In physics, the quantity Force • time is known as impulse. The momentum change is dependent upon the velocity change; the object with the greatest velocity change has the greatest momentum change. Finally, an examination of rows 3 and 4 illustrate that mass and velocity change are inversely proportional; for the same force and time, a twofold decrease in the mass corresponds to a twofold increase in the velocity change. Case A has the greatest velocity change. © 1996-2020 The Physics Classroom, All rights reserved. Impulse equals momentum change and the momentum change is greatest in case A (as stated above). d. The impulse is greatest in case A. Since the collision causes the rightward-moving halfback to slow down, the force on the halfback must have been directed leftward. An impulse applied for a short time maximizes the force on the object that is struck If a ball has the same speed just before being caught and just after being thrown, in which case does the ball undergo the greatest change in momentum: (1) when it is caught, (2) when it is thrown, or (3) when it is caught and then thrown back? Recall that the rebound effect is characterized by larger forces; car A is the car which rebounds.
At what approximate location on the diagram (in terms of dots) does each car begin to experience the impulse? Balloon B has the greatest final velocity. Explain. Impulse equals momentum change and the momentum change is greatest in case B (as stated above). Which car (A or B) experiences the greatest impulse? In general, elastic collisions are characterized by a large velocity change, a large momentum change, a large impulse, and a large force.
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